Copyright Law

The following uses of a copyrighted work, in its original language or a translation thereof, shall be deemed lawful without obtaining the permission of the Copyright Law copyright owner: 1. Copying the work for personal use, excluding computer software, and audio and audio-visual works. 2. Quoting passages from the work in another work, provided that such quotation is consistent with established conventions and within the limits justified by the intended objective, and provided that the source and name of author are mentioned in the work where the quotation is cited. This shall also apply to journalistic summaries abstracted from newspapers and periodicals. 3. Using the work by way of clarification for educational purposes, within the limits justified by the intended objective, or making a copy or two for public libraries or non-commercial documentation centers on the following conditions: a) Such use shall not be commercial or for profit. b) Copying shall be restricted to the requirements of the activities. c) Such use shall not impair the material benefit of the work. d) The work is out of print, lost, or damaged. 4. Citing or copying articles published in newspapers or periodicals dealing with current issues or broadcast works of a similar nature, provided that the source and name of author, if known, are clearly given. 5. Copying any broadcast work that may be viewed or listened to during the presentation of current events by means of still or motion pictures, provided that the same remains within the intended objective with the source clearly given. 6. Copying public speeches, lectures, judicial proceedings, or any other similar works presented in public, if such copying is made by the media, provided that the name of the author is clearly mentioned. The author shall retain the right to publish such works in the manner he sees fit. 7. Production of temporary recordings by broadcasting organizations and through their own means –without impairing the author’s copyright– in one copy or more for any protected work, for which they are licensed to broadcast or show, provided that all the copies are destroyed within a period not exceeding one year from the date of their preparation, or a longer period agreed to by the author. A copy of this recording may be kept with official archives, if the recording is a unique documentary work. 8. Music playing, acting, performing, or showing any work after publication by government groups, public corporate entities, or school theaters, as long as such playing, performing, or acting does not lead to direct or indirect financial gains. 9. Copying short quotations from published works, drawings, pictures, designs, or maps in school books prepared for educational curricula or in books of history, literature, and art, provided that such copying is within the limits of necessity and that the title of the work and the name of the author are mentioned. Copyright Law 10. Taking new photographs of any previously photographed object or work and publishing these pictures, even if the new pictures have been taken from the same vantage point and under the same circumstances of said pictures. 11. Citing parts of scientific articles and works by research institutions for their internal use or to fulfill the requirements of those who are conducting studies and research, provided that the source is mentioned. 12. Making one reserve copy of computer programs by the persons who possess the original copy for the purpose of protecting the original, while keeping the original with the user, to show upon request. The implementing regulations shall detail the circumstances required for these exceptions to apply.