Law of Evidence
Art. 32Status unknownSaudi ArabiaRegulation
Issued by Ministry of Investment (misa.gov.sa)
Personal books and papers, even if digitally recorded, may not be deemed
evidence against their owner unless he:
1. explicitly states that his debt has been satisfied; or
2. explicitly states therein that their content is intended to serve as proof of debt
in favor of a person for whom he has established a right.
In either case, if the information stated therein is not signed by their owner, he
may prove otherwise using all evidentiary means.
The Arabic text is the legally binding version. The English translation is provided for guidance only.
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