Law of Evidence

1. A litigant in a commercial lawsuit may request the adverse litigant to produce or provide access to a document that is related to the lawsuit, and the court shall issue an order to this effect provided that the document is: a) specified per se or by its type; b) relevant to the commercial transaction subject of the lawsuit or contributes to revealing the facts therein; and c) not confidential pursuant to a special provision or an agreement between the litigants, and access thereto does not violate any right to a trade secret or a right related thereto. 2. If a litigant refuses to comply with the court’s order to produce to the adverse litigant the documents requested in accordance with paragraph (1) of this Article, the court may deem his refusal presumptive evidence.